Ki vette feleségül Charles III, Duke of Parma-t?

Charles III (Italian: Carlo III di Borbone, Duca di Parma e Piacenza; 14 January 1823 – 27 March 1854) was the duke of Parma from 1849 to 1854.

He was the son of Duke Charles II of Parma and was educated in Saxony and Vienna. He grew up as a restless young man and traveled extensively while he was the hereditary prince of Lucca. For a time he served in the Piedmontese army with the rank of captain. In 1845, his father arranged his marriage with Princess Louise d'Artois, a wealthy heiress who gave him four children. In December 1847, at the death of Empress Marie Louise, his father became the reigning duke of Parma, but abdicated on 24 March 1849. Charles III became the duke of Parma, Piacenza and the Annexed States.

Charles III owed his throne to the support of Austrian troops. He placed Parma under martial law, inflicted heavy penalties on the members of the late provisional government, closed the university, and instituted a regular policy of persecution. His authoritarian policies made him unpopular. After reigning only five years, he was assassinated in March 1854.

Louise d’Artois (teljes nevén franciául: Louise Marie Thérèse d’Artois; Párizs, 1819. szeptember 21. – Velence, 1864. február 1.), a Bourbon-házból származó francia királyi hercegnő, Charles Ferdinand d’Artois, Berry hercege és Mária Karolina nápoly–szicíliai királyi hercegnő legidősebb leánya, III. Károly parmai herceggel kötött házassága révén Parma és Piacenza hercegnéje 1849-től férje 1854-es haláláig, majd annak régense 1859-ig, fia, Róbert herceg kiskorúsága miatt. Zita osztrák császárné és magyar királyné apai nagyanyja.